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Religious Education
RE helps children and young people to hold balanced and well-informed conversations about religion and belief.
In order to fulfil this purpose, we advocate that RE needs to provide a balance between three disciplines. These are:
- Theology: This is about believing. It looks at where beliefs come from, how they have changed over time, how they are applied differently in different contexts and how they relate to each other.
- Philosophy: This is about thinking. It is about finding out how and whether things make sense. It deals with questions of morality and ethics. It takes seriously the nature of reality, knowledge and existence.
- Human/Social Sciences: This is about living. It explores the diverse ways in which people practise their beliefs. It engages with the impact of beliefs on individuals, communities and societies.
An animation explaining these three disciplines is available to view here:
The aims of Religious Education in Church schools are:
- To enable pupils to know about and understand Christianity as a living faith that influences the lives of people worldwide and as the religion that has most shaped British culture and heritage.
- To enable pupils to know and understand about other major world religions and world views, their impact on society, culture and the wider world, enabling pupils to express ideas and insights.
- To contribute to the development of pupils’ own spiritual/philosophical convictions, exploring and enriching their own beliefs and values.
(National Society for Education RE Statement of Entitlement 2026)
Helpful documents
National Society for Education RE statement of Entitlement 2026 and Norfolk Agreed Syllabus 2019
We have called this thinking through believing. It is about asking questions that believers would ask. It requires pupils to think like theologians, or to look through a theological lens at concepts.
We have called this thinking through thinking. It is about asking questions that thinkers would ask. It requires pupils to think like philosophers, or to look through a philosophical lens at concepts.
We have called this thinking through living. It is about asking questions that people who study lived reality or phenomena would ask. It requires pupils to think like human and social scientists, or to look through a human/social science lens at concepts.For a summary of this approach see: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6NTW2bsFTLY
In broad terms the following principles have been applied to each discipline in terms of what it means to become more religiously literate:
- Extending knowledge and understanding from the concrete and familiar to the abstract and complex
- Moving from simple ideas and beliefs/concepts to making connections between them and placing these within a bigger picture or meta-narrative
- Demonstrating increasing layers of interpretation of religion, religions, beliefs and worldviews through engagement with a broadening and increasingly complex range of information
- Showing an increasing ability to critically question and form coherent, logical arguments, including increasing recognition of divergences of opinion about and the controversial nature of religion and belief
- Expressing a broadening understanding of diversity in terms of the nature of religion, religions and worldviews
How these age-related expectations were developed
Teachers trialed a draft form of the age-related expectations for 6-9 months in 2018. During this time teachers used the expectations to plan as well as assess pupils progress. In March and June 2018, a group of teachers shared their work with one another in order to exemplify standards and make minor changes to the expectations. In addition, a survey was sent to all 30 trial schools and academies to gage initial feedback on using the new assessment process. The age-related expectations have been used by all Diocese of Norwich schools and academies from September 2018.
Examples for each disciplinary field
Here is an example strand of expectations for theology:
Here is an example strand for philosophy:
Here is an example strand for human/social science:
There are 10 age related expectations for each Year Group KS1-3.
How to use the age-related expectations
The age-related expectations are designed to underpin planning as well as assessment. Further details about this are explained in the professional development resource which you will receive when you register. It is worth noting that using these expectations can have an impact on how you design your curriculum through a multi-disciplinary approach.How to register to use these age-related expectations
We are a Diocese of Norwich VA or VC school:
Please contact Jodie Ballard, PA to the Director of Education, via jodie.ballard@dioceseofnorwich.org You will be required to declare that at least one person in your school will complete the online training which will be released to you once you have registered. This training takes about one hour to complete. A password to access the training and resources will be sent to you.
Below defines the two forms of knowledge for assessment purposes:
1.Substantive Knowledge is defined for assessment purposes as: The key facts or concepts associated to the big enquiry question. These will be linked to the religion or non-religious worldview being studied.
How to use the Assessment Suite?
- The three-question approach – choose three questions to ask at the start of each RE lesson, one substantive knowledge about the current enquiry, one disciplinary question from the current enquiry and one random / bonus question of your choice for pupils to answer.
- At the end of the enquiry process in the EVALUATE stage provide a quiz for children to complete using the substantive knowledge questions.
- At the end of the enquiry process in the EXPRESS stage use the disciplinary questions to explore a deeper focus for assessing disciplinary knowledge – this could be used to form the basis of an assessment activity e.g. a debate of how moral laws support Muslims in the modern world vs leading them to be different and radical.
When to use the Assessment Suite?
The frequency and timing of assessing Substantive Knowledge and Disciplinary Knowledge will be dependent on the age and aptitude of the pupils in your class. This also may develop over the year they are with you as they gain in knowledge and understanding through the RE Curriculum delivered. Each suggested approach to retrieval practice can be used on a weekly basis or it can be chunked to meet interleaving or split into smaller check points that happen every two weeks through the RE learning enquiry being taught. It also allows you to build in opportunities to retrieve previous learning from other questions covered in year and earlier.
Religious Education Networks
RE Local Leaders in Education RE Local Leaders in Education is a group of teachers that meets termly from primary, secondary, church, community and academy contexts to share good practice, listen to guest speakers and visit places of interest linked to RE. For more information please contact Fiona Greening via fiona.greening@dioceseofnorwich.org.
RE Ambassadors (DNEAT) RE Ambassadors (DNEAT) is a group of RE Leads who work within DNEAT and meet online each term to undertake practical action research projects to support the development of high-quality RE. For more information contact DNEAT at www.dneat.org/contact/contact-our-central-team/
Primary Subject Leader Support Meetings – RE Primary Subject Leader Support Meetings – RE is a group who meet online each term to share good ideas and resources, support each other in teaching or leading RE in school and have built up a Padlet of valuable resources linked to RE. For more information contact: landitraining@norfolk.gov.uk or visit https://s4s.norfolk.gov.uk/Event/203391
Other useful RE Networks and organisations:
- RE Hubs – is a one stop website for training, news, visitors, speakers, support for ECTS, local Re groups directory and much more.
- NATRE – is the National Association for Teachers of RE.
- RE Council – is the advisory body for RE in England and Wales.
Please find below some resources which we hope you will find useful:
- RE Model Policy
- Guidance for reviewing progress in RE
- Maintaining highly effective practice in RE
- Digging Deeper Next Steps for Learning
- Effective RE
- The role of SACRE
- Twilight resources for RE Quality Mark
Latest RE reports
- Learning to Listen – Inquiry Report into RE in the media and print 2021
- Commission on RE Executive Summary – September 2018
- Commission on RE Report – September 2018
- Ofsted Research Review Report: Religious Education – May 2021
- National Content Standard for Religious Education in England 2023
- Ofsted Deeping and Meaningful? The Religious Education Subject Report 2024
- Theo’s Report – Worldviews in Education – 2020
- Worldview: A Multidisciplinary Report – RE Council of England and Wales 2020
Please find below a useful resource on using the RE Quality Mark to support self evaluation and effective practice in schools. Our thanks to Thurton VC Primary School.
Useful RE websites
- www.reonline.org.uk – excellent website and search engine providing free resources, schemes of learning, online forums and subject knowledge for teachers of RE
- Resources signposted by RE Online (Primary) (Secondary)
- www.request.org.uk – a wealth of resources and material exploring the Christian faith
- www.barnabasinschools.org.uk – useful lesson ideas for Christianity as well as resources to purchase
RE and SEND
Listed below is a SEND and RE Toolkit and series of resources produced to support the inclusions of children with SEND into everyday RE lessons. The resources have been piloted in several diocese schools and academies in Norfolk after a 12 month action research project (led by DNEAT RE Ambassadors). The core materials of the project are based around the work of Judith Carter’s: SEND Assessment, A strength based framework for learners with SEND (2021). It is with her kind permission and support we are able to share this resource with you.
Please find below some resources we hope you will find useful:
Exemplar Curriculum Maps linked to the Norfolk Agreed Syllabus 2019:
Tools to support planning for high quality RE:
In November 2019 Norfolk launched its new Agreed Syllabus, this multi-disciplinary syllabus was designed to provide pupils and students the learning opportunities they need to hold balanced and well informed conversations on religion and worldviews. To support this intention below are knowledge organisers that can be downloaded and edited for each unit of the Agreed Syllabus and three additional units for Early Years Foundation Stage. These units have been developed from a grant kindly provided by the Culham St Gabriel’s Trust. This has enabled RE local leaders and RE Ambassadors (from DNEAT) to work with the RE Adviser for the diocese to provide detailed planning to support the implementation of the Agreed Syllabus for Norfolk.
Below is an overview of each knowledge organiser unit provided. Each downloadable unit is colour coded: orange headers are theology, blue headers are philosophy and green headers are social human sciences.
Download the Knowledge Organiser Table here.
Downloadable Knowledge Organisers include: Big Enquiry Question, Enquiry Approach Learning Sequences of 5-8 lessons, Core Knowledge, Core Vocabulary, hyperlinked resources, Home Learning Activities and Age Related Expectation Assessment Criteria. You can download each unit below:
Exemplification Philosophy Planning and Resources linked to the Norfolk Agreed Syllabus
EYFS Philosophy – Noah and the Flood
Yr1 Philosophy Enquiry 1
Yr1 Philosophy Enquiry 5
Social Human Sciences exemplification planning
Theology Exemplification Planning
Contact us
For advice on further RE resources please contact us on 01603 882357.
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